Search results for "weak [Gravitational lensing]"

showing 10 items of 636 documents

Hume’s guillotine and intelligent technologies

2021

AbstractEmerging intelligent society shall change the way people are organised around their work and consequently also as a society. One approach to investigating intelligent systems and their social influence is information processing. Intelligence is information processing. However, factual and ethical information are different. Facts concern true vs. false, while ethics is about what should be done. David Hume recognised a fundamental problem in this respect, which is that facts can be used to derive values. His answer was negative, which is critical for developing intelligent ethical technologies. Hume’s problem is not crucial when values can be assigned to technologies, i.e. weak ethic…

Cognitive scienceHume’s guillotineweak and strong ethical AItietoteoriaIntelligent decision support systemInformation processingComputational intelligenceCognitionWeak and strong ethical AItekoälyarvot (käsitykset)Work (electrical)processing ethical informationObstacleHuman resource managementProcessing ethical informationetiikkaPsychologyGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceSocial influenceResearch Article
researchProduct

The Neumann Problem for the Total Variation Flow

2004

This chapter is devoted to prove existence and uniqueness of solutions for the minimizing total variation flow with Neumann boundary conditions, namely $$ \left\{ \begin{gathered} \frac{{\partial u}} {{\partial t}} = div\left( {\frac{{Du}} {{\left| {Du} \right|}}} \right) in Q = (0,\infty ) \times \Omega , \hfill \\ \frac{{\partial u}} {{\partial \eta }} = 0 on S = (0,\infty ) \times \partial \Omega , \hfill \\ u(0,x) = u_0 (x) in x \in \Omega , \hfill \\ \end{gathered} \right. $$ (2.1) where Ω is a bounded set in ℝ N with Lipschitz continuous boundary ∂ Ω and u0 ∈ L1(Ω). As we saw in the previous chapter, this partial differential equation appears when one uses the steepest descent method …

CombinatoricsPhysicsBounded setWeak solutionImage (category theory)Bounded functionMathematical analysisNeumann boundary conditionBoundary (topology)Context (language use)Uniqueness
researchProduct

Some Aspects of Vector-Valued Singular Integrals

2009

Let A, B be Banach spaces and \(1 < p < \infty. \; T\) is said to be a (p, A, B)- CalderoLon–Zygmund type operator if it is of weak type (p, p), and there exist a Banach space E, a bounded bilinear map \(u: E \times A \rightarrow B,\) and a locally integrable function k from \(\mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n \backslash \{(x, x): x \in \mathbb{R}^n\}\) into E such that $$T\;f(x) = \int u(k(x, y), f(y))dy$$ for every A-valued simple function f and \(x \notin \; supp \; f.\)

CombinatoricsPhysicsMathematics::Functional Analysissymbols.namesakeBounded functionBanach spacesymbolsLocally integrable functionFunction (mathematics)Type (model theory)Hardy spaceSingular integralWeak type
researchProduct

On the WGSC Property in Some Classes of Groups

2009

The property of quasi-simple filtration (or qsf) for groups has been introduced in literature more than 10 years ago by S. Brick. This is equivalent, for groups, to the weak geometric simple connectivity (or wgsc). The main interest of these notions is that there is still not known whether all finitely presented groups are wgsc (qsf) or not. The present note deals with the wgsc property for solvable groups and generalized FC-groups. Moreover, a relation between the almost-convexity condition and the Tucker property, which is related to the wgsc property, has been considered for 3-manifold groups.

Combinatoricsalmost-convex groupsProperty (philosophy)Tucker propertySimple (abstract algebra)Solvable groupGeneral MathematicsFiltration (mathematics)FC-groups and nilpotent groupSettore MAT/03 - Geometriaweak geometric simple connectivityMathematicsMediterranean Journal of Mathematics
researchProduct

Fixed points in weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces

2011

Mihet [Fuzzy $\psi$-contractive mappings in non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 159 (2008) 739-744] proved a theorem which assures the existence of a fixed point for fuzzy $\psi$-contractive mappings in the framework of complete non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces. Motivated by this, we introduce a notion of weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric space and prove that the weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric induces a Hausdorff topology. We utilize this new notion to obtain some common fixed point results for a pair of generalized contractive type mappings.

Common fixed points Weak non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces Fuzzy contractive mappingsDiscrete mathematicsFuzzy classificationMathematics::General MathematicsLogicInjective metric spaceT-normFuzzy subalgebraIntrinsic metricConvex metric spaceComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaArtificial IntelligenceFuzzy set operationsFuzzy numberComputingMethodologies_GENERALMathematicsFuzzy Sets and Systems
researchProduct

Towards artificial intelligence : advances, challenges, and risks

2019

This text contains some reflections on artificial intelligence (AI). First, I differentiate between strong and weak AI, as well as the concepts related to general and specific AI. Following this, I briefly describe the main current AI models and discuss the need to provide common-sense knowledge to machines in order to advance towards the goal of a general AI. Next, I talk about the current trends in AI based on the analysis of large amounts of data, which has recently allowed experts to make spectacular progress. Finally, I discuss other topics which, now and in the future, will continue to be key in AI, before closing with a brief reflection on the risks of AI.

Common-sense knowledgeDeep learningStrong artificial intelligenceWeak artificial intelligence
researchProduct

Nonexistence of solutions to higher order evolution inequalities with nonlocal source term on Riemannian manifolds

2022

We establish sufficient conditions for the nonexistence of nontrivial solutions to higher order evolution inequalities, with respect to the time variable. We consider a nonlocal source term, and work on complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds. The obtained conditions depend on the parameters of the problem and the geometry of the manifold. Our main result recovers some nonexistence theorems from the literature, established in the whole Euclidean space.

Computational MathematicsNumerical AnalysisRiemannian manifoldsnontrivial global weak solutionsSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaApplied Mathematicshigher order evolution inequalitiesNonexistenceAnalysis
researchProduct

Automatic left ventricle volume calculation with explainability through a deep learning weak-supervision methodology

2021

[EN] Background and objective: Magnetic resonance imaging is the most reliable imaging technique to assess the heart. More specifically there is great importance in the analysis of the left ventricle, as the main pathologies directly affect this region. In order to characterize the left ventricle, it is necessary to extract its volume. In this work we present a neural network architecture that is capable of directly estimating the left ventricle volume in short axis cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the end-diastolic frame and provide a segmentation of the region which is the basis of the volume calculation, thus offering explain-ability to the estimated value. Methods: The network was des…

Computer scienceHeart VentriclesMagnetic Resonance Imaging CineHealth InformaticsWeak supervisionTECNOLOGIA ELECTRONICAsymbols.namesakeMagnetic resonance imagingSegmentationApproximation errorImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationBasis (linear algebra)Artificial neural networkbusiness.industryDeep learningPattern recognitionHeartDeep learningLeft ventricleExplainabilityPearson product-moment correlation coefficientComputer Science ApplicationsTest setsymbolsArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks ComputerbusinessSoftwareVolume (compression)
researchProduct

Trapped charged particles and fundamental interactions

2008

Low-Energy Precision Tests of Electroweak Theory.- Principles of Ion Traps.- Simulations for Ion Traps Methods and Numerical Implementation.- Simulations for Ion Traps Buffer Gas Cooling.- Highly-charged ions and high-resolution mass spectrometry in a Penning trap.- Fundamental tests with trapped antiprotons.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsElectroweak interactionBuffer gasMass spectrometryPenning trapFundamental interactionCharged particleIonPhysics::Plasma PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsIon trapAtomic physicsParticle Physics
researchProduct

Quantum Dynamics of Strongly Interacting Boson Systems: Atomic Beam Splitters and Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates

2001

An effective boson Hamiltonian applicable to atomic beam splitters, coupled Bose-Einstein condensates, and optical lattices can be made exactly solvable by including all $n$-body interactions. The model can include an arbitrary number of boson components. In the strong interaction limit the model becomes a quantum phase model, which also describes a tight-binding lattice particle. Through exact results for dynamic correlation functions, it is shown how the previous weak interaction dynamics of these systems are extended to strong interactions, now becoming relevant in the experiments. The effect of the number of boson components is also analyzed.

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsQuantum dynamicsStrong interactionGeneral Physics and AstronomyWeak interaction530law.inventionsymbols.namesakelawLattice (order)Quantum mechanicssymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)QuantumBose–Einstein condensateBosonPhysical Review Letters
researchProduct